What You Need To Know About Sin

Below are several definitions.  In general, sin falls into three categories.  1. Slipping across the line.  2. Stepping across the line.  3. Missing the target. 

Slipping across the line is simply the fruit springing as a result of the evil seeds that we have planted in the past, or they may even be the fruit of original sin we were born with because of the fall and what we inherited from Adam and Eve.  We reap what we sow.  The line is the law of God, which is more than the ten commandments.  It includes the ten commandments and is summed up in one word, love.  Stepping across the line usually follows slipping across the line.  Some emotion, passion, anger, fear, feeling, or lust causes us to slip across the line, then we make a bad situation worse by stepping across the line.  Perhaps someone whom God has set into authority makes a mistake, and the result is not fair to you.  So you slip across the line and feel anger and disrespect for the person set by God (a parent, boss, elder, etc.).  Then, you step across the line and say something you should not have said.  That would be one of many possible examples.  Missing the target accounts for much of sin.  Missing the target is simply not listening to the voice of God or somehow in God's process of doing His righteousness through you, short-circuiting the process and missing the target.  Here are a couple examples: God tells you, tell your spouse that you are sorry, and you don't do it.  God shows you, by the Spirit, a higher level of order (the one in Scripture) for the church, but you have a lot to lose as a salaried pastor, so you choose to ignore the leading of God.  This also is likely to include stepping across the line as you try to change Scripture to fit what you want to do.

 
• God has a good plan for you, to attain to God’s glory.  In your current condition, you have not received all that God has for you.  To miss all of this glory is sin.  Sin brings you out of the glory of God, step by step.  Righteousness brings you into the glory of God, step by step.  
  
 
• Sin is the reason for death and suffering.  Had Adam never sinned, there would be no death and no suffering.  The Bible tells us that the last enemy to be defeated will be death.  Sin brings you into death and out of life, step by step.  Righteousness brings you into life and out of death, step by step.
 
• Sin and death are the two things from which Jesus came to set us free. 
 
• Rebellion, wanting to be autonomous from God, separates us from God.  When we are separated from God, we cannot be godly--how would it be possible to be godly?  When we are separated from God, we miss out on His glory, His leading, and His power for righteousness.
 
• The lack of love is sin.  This is another way of saying the same thing.
 
• Disobeying the commandment of God is sin.  God's commandment is to love.  Adultery, Fornication, Stealing, Lying, Cheating, Envying, Killing; these are all examples of a lack of love.
 
• A desire to NOT glorify and respect God and NOT hold Him in holy reverence is sin.
 
• A desire to add to and take away from God's Word and to follow one's own mind and will is sin, which leads to spiritual death and is the cause of physical misery, sickness, and death.

The path toward the fulfillment of what God intends to do in our lives is opened by being joined to God.  We can only be joined through Jesus.  We need forgiveness.  We need to bridge the gap.  We cannot possibly do it ourselves.  Even our righteousness is as filthy rags to God.   God had to make the ultimate sacrifice to win us back to Himself.  
Sin "may be regarded as the missing of a mark or aim." ~ Archbishop Trench

See also: What Is Sin?

Below are some some literal translations of the words that are used in the Bible for sin:

Hamartia: Missing the target.  
Parabasis: Stepping across  
Paraptoma: Slipping across  
Anomia: Lawlessness, disregarding God's law  
Opheilema: Debt

51 αγνοημα agnoema ag-no’-ay-mah  
from 50; TDNT-1:115,18; n n  
AV-error 1; 1  
1) a sin committed through ignorance or thoughtlessness {#Heb 9:7}  

93 αδικια adikia ad-ee-kee’-ah  
from 94; TDNT-1:153,22; n f  
AV-unrighteousness 16, iniquity 6, unjust 2, wrong 1; 25  
1) injustice, of a judge  
2) unrighteousness of heart and life  
3) a deed violating law and justice, act of unrighteousness   

264 αμαρτανω hamartano ham-ar-tan’-o  
perhaps from 1 (as a negative particle) and the base of 3313; TDNT-1:267,44; v  
1) to be without a share in  
2) to miss the mark  
3) to err, be mistaken  
4) to miss or wander from the path of uprightness and honour, to do or go wrong  
5)  to wander from the law of God, violate God's law, sin

266 αμαρτια hamartia ham-ar-tee’-ah  
from 264; TDNT-1:267,44; n f  
1) equivalent to 264  
1a) to be without a share in  
1b) to miss the mark  
1c) to err, be mistaken  
1d) to miss or wander from the path of uprightness and honour, to do or go wrong  
  1e) to wander from the law of God, violate God's law, sin  
2) that which is done wrong, sin, an offence, a violation of the divine law in thought or in act  
3) collectively, the complex or aggregate of sins committed either by a single person or by many

265 αμαρτημα hamartema ham-ar’-tay-mah  
from 264; TDNT-1:267,44; n n  
1) sin, evil deed  
For Synonyms see entry 5879

458 ανομια anomia an-om-ee’-ah  
from 459; TDNT-4:1085,646; n f  
AV-iniquity 12, unrighteousness 1, transgress the law + 4160 1, transgression of the law 1; 15  
1) the condition of without law  
1a) because ignorant of it  
1b) because of violating it  
2) contempt and violation of law, iniquity, wickedness  
For Synonyms see entry 5879  

677 απροσκοπος aproskopos ap-ros’-kop-os  
from 1 (as a negative particle) and a presumed derivative of 4350; TDNT-6:745,946; adj  
AV-void of offense 1, none offence 1, without offence 1; 3  
1) having nothing to strike against, not causing to stumble  
1a) of a smooth road  
1b) metaph. of not leading others to sin by one’s mode of life

763 ασεβια asebeia as-eb’-i-ah  
from 765; TDNT-7:185,1010; n f  
AV-ungodliness 4, ungodly 2; 6  
1) want of reverence towards God, impiety, ungodliness

2275 ηττημα hettema hayt’-tay-mah  
from 2274; ; n n  
AV-diminishing 1, fault 1; 2  
1) a diminution, decrease: i.e. defeat  
2) loss, as respects to salvation  

3845 παραβαινω parabaino par-ab-ah’-ee-no  
from 3844 and the base of 939; TDNT-5:736,772; v  
AV-transgression 3, fall by transgression 1; 4  
1) to go by the side of  
2) to go past or pass over without touching a thing  
3) to overstep, neglect, violate, transgress  
4) so to go past as to turn aside from

3847 παραβασις parabasis par-ab’-as-is  
from 3845; TDNT-5:739,772; n f  
AV-transgression 6, breaking 1; 7  
1) a going over  
2) metaph. a disregarding, violating  
2a) of the Mosaic law  
2b) the breach of a definite, promulgated, ratified law  
2c) to create transgressions, i.e. that sins might take on the character of transgressions, and thereby the consciousness of sin be intensified

3876 παρακοη parakoe par-ak-o-ay’  
from 3878; TDNT-1:223,34; n f  
AV-disobedient 3; 3  
1) a hearing amiss  
2) disobedience  

3892 παρανομια paranomia par-an-om-ee’-ah  
from the same as 3891; TDNT-4:1090,646; n f  
AV-iniquity 1; 1  
1) breach of law, transgression, wickedness  
For Synonyms see entry 5879  

3900 παραπτωμα paraptoma par-ap’-to-mah  
from 3895; TDNT-6:170,846; n n  
AV-trespass 9, offence 7, sin 3, fall 2, fault 2; 23  
1) to fall beside or near something (to fall or slip aside)  
2) a lapse or deviation from truth and uprightness  
2a) a sin, misdeed

4348 προσκομμα proskomma pros’-kom-mah  
from 4350; TDNT-6:745,946; n n  
AV-stumbling stone + 3037 2, stumbling block 2, stumbling 1, offence 1; 6  
1) a stumbling block  
1a) an obstacle in the way which if one strikes his foot against he stumbles or falls  
1b) that over which a soul stumbles i.e. by which is caused to sin

4625 σκανδαλον skandalon skan’-dal-on ("scandal")  
probably from a derivative of 2578; TDNT-7:339,1036; n n  
AV-offence 9, stumbling block 3, occasion of stumbling 1, occasion to fall 1, thing that offends 1; 15  
1) the movable stick or trigger of a trap, a trap stick  
1a) a trap, snare  
1b) any impediment placed in the way and causing one to stumble or fall, (a

0205 ןוא ‘aven aw-ven’  
from an unused root perhaps meaning properly, to pant (hence, to exert oneself, usually in vain; n m; {See TWOT on 48 @@ "48a"}  
AV-iniquity 47, wicked( ness) 8, vanity 6, affliction 3, mischief 3, unrighteous 2, evil 1, false 1, idol 1, mourners 1, mourning 1, nought 1, sorrow 1, unjust 1, vain 1; 78  
1) trouble, wickedness, sorrow  
1a) trouble, sorrow  
1b) idolatry  
1c) trouble of iniquity, wickedness   

0819 המשׁא ‘ashmah ash-maw’  
from 0817; TWOT-180c; n f  
1) guiltiness, guilt, offense, sin, wrong-doing  
1a) doing wrong, committing a trespass or offense  
1b) becoming guilty, guilt  
1c) bringing a guilt-offering

0817 םשׁא ‘asham aw-shawm’  
from 0816; n m; {See TWOT on 180 @@ "180b"}  
AV-trespass offering 34, trespass 8, offering for sin 1, sin 2, guiltiness 1; 46  
1) guilt, offense, sin, guiltiness  
1a) offense, sin, trespass, fault  
1b) guilt, guiltiness  
1c) compensation (for offense)  
1d) trespass or sin offering

01942 הוה havvah hav-vaw’  
from 01933; n f; {See TWOT on 483 @@ "483a"}  
AV-calamity 4, wickedness 3, perverse thing 1, mischief 1, noisome 1, iniquity 1, substance 1, naughtiness 1, naughty 1, mischievous 1; 16  
1) desire  
1a) desire (in bad sense)  
2) chasm (fig. of destruction)  
2a) engulfing ruin, destruction, calamity   

02401 האטח chata’ah khat-aw-aw’  
from 02399; TWOT-638d; n f  
1) sin, sin offering  
1a) sin  
1b) sin offering

02403 האטח chatta’ah khat-taw-aw’ or תאטח chatta’th khat-tawth’  
from 02398; TWOT-638e; n f  
1) sin, sinful  
2) sin, sin offering  
2a) sin  
2b) condition of sin, guilt of sin  
2c) punishment for sin  
2d) sin-offering  
2e) purification from sins of ceremonial uncleanness

02398 אטח chata’ khaw-taw’  
a primitive root; TWOT-638; v  
1) to sin, miss, miss the way, go wrong, incur guilt, forfeit, purify from uncleanness  
1a) (Qal)  
1a1) to miss  
1a2) to sin, miss the goal or path of right and duty  
1a3) to incur guilt, incur penalty by sin, forfeit  
1b) (Piel)  
1b1) to bear loss  
1b2) to make a sin-offering  
1b3) to purify from sin  
1b4) to purify from uncleanness  
1c) (Hiphil)  
1c1) to miss the mark  
1c2) to induce to sin, cause to sin  
1c3) to bring into guilt or condemnation or punishment  
1d) (Hithpael)  
1d1) to miss oneself, lose oneself, wander from the way  
02399 ajx chet' khate  
from 02398; TWOT-638a; n m  
1) sin  
1a) sin  
1b) guilt for sin  
1c) punishment for sin

02399 אטח chet’ khate  
from 02398; n m; {See TWOT on 638 @@ "638a"}  
AV-sin 30, faults 1, grievously 1, offences 1; 33  
1) sin  
1a) sin  
1b) guilt for sin  
1c) punishment for sin

04383 לושׁכמ mikshowl mik-shole’ or לשׁכמ mikshol mik-shole’  
from 03782; n m; {See TWOT on 1050 @@ "1050c"}  
AV-stumblingblock 8, offence 2, ruins 2, offend 1, fall 1; 14  
1) a stumbling, means or occasion of stumbling, stumbling block  
1a) stumbling, fall  
1b) means or occasion of stumbling, stumbling block 

04604 לעמ ma‘al mah’- al  
from 04603; n m; {See TWOT on 1230 @@ "1230a"}  
AV-trespass 17, transgression 6, trespassed 2, falsehood 1, grievously 1, sore 1, very 1; 29  
1) unfaithful or treacherous act, trespass  
1a) against man  
1b) against God   

05512 ןיס Ciyn seen  
of uncertain derivation; ; n pr loc  
AV-Sin 6; 6  
Sin =" thorn" or "clay"  
1) a town in eastern Egypt  
2) the tract of wilderness between Elim and Sinai 

05753 הוע ‘avah aw-vaw’  
a primitive root; v; {See TWOT on 1577}  
AV-iniquity 4, perverse 2, perversely 2, perverted 2, amiss 1, turn 1, crooked 1, bowed down 1, troubled 1, wickedly 1, wrong 1; 17  
1) to bend, twist, distort  
1a) (Niphal) to be bent, be bowed down, be twisted, be perverted  
1b) (Piel) to twist, distort  
1c) (Hiphil) to do perversely  
2) to commit iniquity, do wrong, pervert  
2a) (Qal) to do wrong, commit iniquity  
2b) (Hiphil) to commit iniquity 

05766 לוע ‘evel eh’- vel or לוע ‘avel aw’- vel and (fem.) הלוע ‘avlah av-law’ or הלוע ‘owlah o-law’ or הלע ‘olah o-law’  
from 05765; n m/f; {See TWOT on 1580 @@ "1580a"} {See TWOT on 1580 @@ "1580b"}  
AV-iniquity 36, wickedness 7, unrighteousness 3, unjust 2, perverseness 1, unjustly 1, unrighteously 1, wicked 1, wickedly 1, variant 2; 55  
1) injustice, unrighteousness, wrong  
1a) violent deeds of injustice  
1b) injustice (of speech)  
1c) injustice (generally)  

05771 ןוע ‘avon aw-vone’ or ןווע ‘avown (#2Ki 7:9; Ps 51:5) aw-vone’  
from 05753; TWOT-1577a; n m  
1) perversity, depravity, iniquity, guilt or punishment of iniquity  
1a) iniquity  
1b) guilt of iniquity, guilt (as great), guilt (of condition)  
1c) consequence of or punishment for iniquity06586 עשׁפ pasha‘ paw-shah’  
 
a primitive root [identical with 06585 through the idea of expansion]; v; {See TWOT on 1846}  
AV-transgress 17, transgressor 9, rebelled 6, revolt 6, offended 1, transgression 1, trespassed 1; 41  
1) to rebel, transgress, revolt  
1a) (Qal)  
1a1) to rebel, revolt  
1a2) to transgress  
1b) (Niphal) to be rebelled against  

06588 עשׁפ pesha‘ peh’- shah  
from 06586; n m; {See TWOT on 1846 @@ "1846a"}  
AV-transgression 84, trespass 5, sin 3, rebellion 1; 93  
1) transgression, rebellion  
1a1) transgression (against individuals)  
1a2) transgression (nation against nation)  
1a3) transgression (against God)  
1a3a) in general  
1a3b) as recognised by sinner  
1a3c) as God deals with it  
1a3d) as God forgives  
1a4) guilt of transgression  
1a5) punishment for transgression  
1a6) offering for transgression

05932 הולע ‘alvah al-vaw’  
for 05766; n f; {See TWOT on 1580 @@ "1580b"}  
AV-iniquity 1; 1  
1) injustice, unrighteousness, iniquity

05999 למע ‘amal aw-mawl’  
from 05998; n m/f; {See TWOT on 1639 @@ "1639a"}  
AV-labour 25, mischief 9, misery 3, travail 3, trouble 3, sorrow 2, grievance 1, grievousness 1, iniquity 1, miserable 1, pain 1, painful 1, perverseness 1, toil 1, wearisome 1, wickedness 1; 55  
1) toil, trouble, labour  
1a) trouble  
1b) trouble, mischief  
1c) toil, labour  

06588 עשׁפ pesha‘ peh’- shah  
from 06586; n m; {See TWOT on 1846 @@ "1846a"}  
AV-transgression 84, trespass 5, sin 3, rebellion 1; 93  
1) transgression, rebellion  
1a1) transgression (against individuals)  
1a2) transgression (nation against nation)  
1a3) transgression (against God)  
1a3a) in general  
1a3b) as recognised by sinner  
1a3c) as God deals with it  
1a3d) as God forgives  
1a4) guilt of transgression  
1a5) punishment for transgression  
1a6) offering for transgression

07562 עשׁר resha‘ reh’- shah  
from 07561; n m; {See TWOT on 2222 @@ "2222a"}  
AV-wickedness 25, wicked 4, iniquity 1; 30  
1) wrong, wickedness, guilt  
1a) wickedness (as violence and crime against civil law)  
1b) wickedness (of enemies)  
1c) wickedness (in ethical relations)

  05753 הוע ‘avah aw-vaw’  
a primitive root; v; {See TWOT on 1577}  
AV-iniquity 4, perverse 2, perversely 2, perverted 2, amiss 1, turn 1, crooked 1, bowed down 1, troubled 1, wickedly 1, wrong 1; 17  
1) to bend, twist, distort  
1a) (Niphal) to be bent, be bowed down, be twisted, be perverted  
1b) (Piel) to twist, distort  
1c) (Hiphil) to do perversely  
2) to commit iniquity, do wrong, pervert  
2a) (Qal) to do wrong, commit iniquity  
2b) (Hiphil) to commit iniquity

05766 לוע ‘evel eh’- vel or לוע ‘avel aw’- vel and (fem.) הלוע ‘avlah av-law’ or הלוע ‘owlah o-law’ or הלע ‘olah o-law’  
from 05765; n m/f; {See TWOT on 1580 @@ "1580a"} {See TWOT on 1580 @@ "1580b"}  
AV-iniquity 36, wickedness 7, unrighteousness 3, unjust 2, perverseness 1, unjustly 1, unrighteously 1, wicked 1, wickedly 1, variant 2; 55  
1) injustice, unrighteousness, wrong  
1a) violent deeds of injustice  
1b) injustice (of speech)  
1c) injustice (generally)  

07686 הגשׁ shagah shaw-gaw’  
a primitive root; TWOT-2325; v  
1) to go astray, stray, err  
1a) (Qal)  
1a1) to err, stray  
1a2) to swerve, meander, reel, roll, be intoxicated, err (in drunkenness)  
1a3) to go astray (morally)  
1a4) to commit sin of ignorance or inadvertence, err (ignorantly)  
1b) (Hiphil)  
1b1) to lead astray  
1b2) to lead astray, mislead (mentally)  
1b3) to lead astray (morally)

Sin "may be regarded as the missing of a mark or aim: it is then αμαρτια or αμαρτημα; the overpassing or transgressing of a line: it is then παραβασις; the disobedience to a voice: in which case it is παρακοη; the falling where one should have stood upright: this will be παραπτωμα; ignorance of what one ought to have known: this will be αγνοημα; diminishing of that which should have been rendered in full measure, which is ηττημα; non-observance of a law, which is ανομια or παρανομια."   

Sin

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